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Consumer ethic and new Buddhist morality

Lin,Chao-Cheng

Professor of Chinese Literature, National Cheng Kung University

ABSTRACT:

Modern consumption types have appeared three serious problems: 1. Consumption will be endless. Consumption and demand's satisfaction have lost their relationship. 2. Origin of dissatisfied inside heart will generate from the limited consumption ability 3. Over-consumption will result in environmental disaster. Thus, it is will be the biggest challenge when mankind pursuit environmental protection to build consumer ethic and change consumption types.

Correct livelihood is that Buddhist instructs his descendant to keep a rational economical life. Reasonable material consumption will bring us a satisfied life to improve our living happiness and then achieve the better morality situation. This article will center in Rasiyo to analyze economical ethic in the early Buddhism and discuss the valuation of consumer behavior in the Buddhism for applying in the modern society. We must know this valuation will not be transformed into the regulations of modern consumption directly. So, this article will illustrate consumer ethic's demonstration includes four elements from the view in the metaethics: the logic in moral judgement, facts, self-interest and imagination. Through above four elements, this article will try to build the principals of consumer ethic and suggest consumer ethic should become new discipline in the Buddhism view.

Key words: consumer ethic, correct livelihood, Rasiyo, new Buddhist morality, metaethics sustainable development

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*  °ê¥ß¦¨¥\¤j¾Ç¤¤¤å¨t±Ð±Â¡C

[1] Cf.U.N., Earth summit¡ÐAgenda21, New York, United Nations. Department of Public Information,1993.

[2]  °Ñ¨£©¥¦õ­ZµÛ¡BÁú¥ß·sµ¥Ä¶¡A¡mÀô¹Òªº«ä·Q¡n¡]¥_¨Ê¡G¤¤¥¡½sĶ¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1997¡^¡A­¶161¡C

[3]  °Ñ¨£Robert BocockµÛ¡A±i§gª´¡B¶ÀÄP¤¯Ä¶¡A¡m®ø¶O¡n¡A¡]¥x¥_¡G¥¨¬y¹Ï®Ñ¤½¥q¡A1997¡^¡A­¶122¡C

[4]  °Ñ¨£¡m®ø¶O¡n¡A­¶105¡ã106¡C

[5]  °Ñ¨£³¯©[§»¡A¡m®ø¶O¤å¤Æ²z½×¡n¡]¥x¥_¡G´­´¼¡A1995¡^¡A­¶61¡ã70¡C

[6]  Robert Bocock¡A¡m®ø¶O¡n¡A­¶179¡ã180¡C

[7]  Alan Durning¡A²¦¦ÖĶ¡A¡m¦h¤Öºâ°÷¡n¡A¡]¦NªL¤H¥Á¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1997¡^¡A­¶7¡C

[8]  ÄÀÄ~¶¯¡A¡qªì´Á¦ò±Ðªº¸gÀÙ­Û²z¡r¡A¥Z©ó¡m¿ÍÆ[¡n²Ä78´Á¡]¿ÍÆ[Âø»xªÀ¡A¥Á83¦~¡^¡A­¶24¡ã67¡C¥H¤U¹ï©ó¥»¤åªº¤Þ­z¡A²ºÙ¡qªì¡r¤å¡A¤£¥t¦æª`©ú­¶¼Æ¡C

[9]  °Ñ¨£Ä±­µ´LªÌµÛ¡A¸­§¡Ä¶¡A¡m²M²b¹D½×¡n¡]°ª¶¯¡G¥¿Ä±¾Ç·|¡A¥Á89¦~¡^¡A­¶31¡ã36¡C

[10]  ·¨´f«n¡A¡q±q¡u®ÉªÅ¤À©µ¡v¨ì¡u®ÉªÅÀ£ÁY¡v¡GºÖ§Q°ê¤§²×µ²ªº¦ò±Ð¬Ù«ä¡r¡A¡m·R»P«H¥õ¡G¥xÆW¦P§Ó¦ò±Ð®{¤§¥­Åv¹B°Ê»P²`¼h¥ÍºA¾Ç¡n¡A¡]¥x¥_¡G°Ó©P¥Xª©ªÀ¡A2005¡^¡A­¶291¡ã340¡C

[11]  °Ñ¨£­×°¨§JµÛ¡B§õµØ®LĶ¡A¡m¤p§Y¬O¬ü¡n¡A¡]¥x¥_¡G¥ßºü¤å¤Æ¤½¥q¡A2000¡^¡A­¶51¡ã61¡C

[12]  ¦P«e®Ñ¡A­¶54¡C

[13]  ¦P«e®Ñ¡A­¶57¡C

[14]  ¦P«e®Ñ¡A­¶56¡C

[15]  ·¨´f«n¡A¡m·R»P«H¥õ¡n¡A­¶328¡C

[16]  ¡m¤j¥¿Âán¨÷2¡A­¶228c¡ã229b¡C

[17]  Bhikkhu Bodhi, The Connected Discourses of the Buddha, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2000, PP.1350¡ã1359¡A¡mºzĶ«n¶Ç¤jÂøg¬ÛÀ³³¡¤­¡n¡]°ª¶¯¡G¤¸¦ë¥Xª©ªÀ¡A¥Á82¦~¡^­¶29¡ã45¡C

[18]  ¡mÂøªü§t912¸g¡n¡A¡m¤j¥¿Âán¨÷2¡A­¶229a¡C

[19]  ¡m¤­¤À«ß¡n¡A¡m¤j¥¿Âán¨÷22¡A­¶153a¡C

[20]  °Ñ¨£R. M. Hare, The Language of Morals, 1952, Oxford University Press, P.25, PP.168¡ã169¡C

[21]  ¦P«e®Ñ¡A­¶127¡C

[22]  °Ñ¨£P.F. Strawson, Social Morality and Individual Ideal, Philosophy, 1961¡C

[23]  R. M. Hare, Moral Thinking, Clarendon Press, 1981, P.108¡C

[24]  R. M. Hare, Universalisability, Essays on the Moral Concepts, University of California Press, 1973, ­¶16¡C

[25]  ¡m¥@¬É²{ªp2004¡n¡A¤Þ¦Û¡m¬Ý¦u¥xÆW¡n2005¬K©u¡]¬Ý¦u¥xÆW¬ã¨s¤¤¤ß¡A2005¡^¡A­¶7¡C

[26]  °Ñ¨£J. Habermas, ¡§Discourse Ethics: Notes on a Progarm of Philosophical Justification¡¨, Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action, trans, Christian Lenhardt and Shierry Weber Nicholson, Cambridge, Mass:MIT Press,1990

[27]  °Ñ¨£¡mÂøªü§t¸g¡n¨÷¤T¤C¡A¡]¡m¤j¥¿Âán¨÷¤G¡A­¶¤G¤C¤T¤¤¡ã¤U¡^

[28]  R. M. Hare, Moral Thinking, P.92,¶À¼z­^¡B¤è¤lµØĶ¡A¡m¹D¼w«äºû¡n¡]¥x¥_¡G»·¬y¥Xª©¤½¥q¡A1991¡^¡A­¶119¡C

[29]  R. M. Hare, Moral Thinking, P.92,¶À¼z­^¡B¤è¤lµØĶ¡A¡m¹D¼w«äºû¡n¡A­¶52¡C

[30]  Allan Durning¡A²¦¦ÖĶ¡A¡m¦h¤Öºâ°÷¡n¡A­¶101¡C

[31]  °Ñ¨£§E¿Ñ©÷¡A¡m¥ÍºA­Û²z¾Ç¢w¢w±q²z½×¨«¦V¹ê½î¡n¡]¥_¨Ê¡G­º³£®v½d¤j¾Ç¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1999¡^¡A­¶237¡ã241¡C

[32]  ¤@¦æÁI®vµÛ¡A´åªY·OĶ¡A¡m§A¥i¥H¤£¥Í®ð¡n¡]¥x¥_¡G¾ó¾ðªL¤å¤Æ¡A2003¡^¡A­¶209¡C

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